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What explains the phenomenon of ball "curve" in sports like tennis, baseball, golf or cricket?
In many games as cricket, golf, tennis and baseball, we see a spinning ball is deflected from its parabolic trajectory as it moves through the air. I know that this difference can be explained partly based on the Bernoulli principle, I have the text on the subject, I was wondering if someone could explain the phenomenon of the simplest words. Thank you very much. The "ball" curve is called "Ball Swing" also
it all comes down to the difference between laminar and turbulent flow. think of a spinning ball without air movement: if the surface of the ball is perfectly correct, then the movement of air near the surface (called the boundary layer) is perfectly too soft. that air movement on the side toward the back of the ball, the angle between the direction of air movement and the ball's surface become more bigger and bigger. at some point in the boundary layer will not be able to "stick" to the surface and more prominent. (This phenomenon is called separation boundary layer.) faster than the air is fluid, the separation point will be closer to where the ball is bigger. This separation means that behind the point of separation, the air near the surface of the ball will be turbulent. is essentially what happens to an airplane wing during a stall. because the ball is symmetrical, the turbulent field is divided equally between left and right ball. (small aside: laminar flow exerts pressure on the surface of the ball that the flow is turbulent. Therefore, aircraft engineers make great efforts to make airplane wings very good – if the air flow around the wing is very good too, then the wing can generate more lift.) anyway, so everything is symmetrical to a ball is not rotating. Now, consider a ball that turns around its vertical axis. relative air speed at the surface of the ball is different to the left and right because of spinning. This speed difference means that the separation boundary layer goes to a different location to the right or left. This means that the left / right lower area of the ball / with a turbulent flow of the surface. symmetry is broken and the pressure difference causes a sharp left / right force of the ball, make the curve. There is a beautiful photo of non-rotating ball in the bottom This page: http://astron.berkeley.edu/ ~ jrg/ay202/node97.html here a document of this issue, with a beautiful image showing laminar and turbulent asymmetry: http://www.wooster.edu/physics/JrIS/Files/nowicki.pdf more images in the bottom of this Page: http://www.aerospaceweb.org/question/aerodynamics/q0215.shtml cheers!
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